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Extending well beyond the holiday “Season of Giving，” Americans have participated in an astonishing amount of charitable contributions in the last two years。 It‘s a trend that appears to be growing， up almost 7 percent （$51 billion） so far in 2022， and it’s partially built off the back of movement organizing for social justice causes。

在過去的兩年裡，美國人參與的慈善捐款遠遠超出了“給予的季節”這個節日。這一趨勢似乎正在增長，到2022年為止增長了近7%（510億美元），這在一定程度上是建立在為社會正義目標組織運動的基礎上的。

In 2021， individuals （opposed to corporate or foundation giving） donated more than $326 billion to philanthropic causes and made up the industry‘s largest portion of funding， according to the National Philanthropic Trust。 Just as well， individual commitments to issues like racial and reproductive justice coincided with corporate pledges in support of the same causes， with an emphasis on smaller， localized organizing movements — portions of philanthropic funding that have historically gone to larger national nonprofits instead。 Organizations， like the minds behind global generosity movement Giving Tuesday， have even reported steady increases in non-monetary giving， in the form of physical items or volunteer time。

根據國家慈善信託的資料，2021年，個人（與公司或基金會的捐贈相反）向慈善事業捐贈了超過3260億美元，佔該行業資金的最大比例。同樣，個人對種族和生殖公正等問題的承諾與企業對同樣事業的支援承諾是一致的，它們強調的是較小的、本地化的組織運動——歷史上，一部分慈善資金都流向了較大的全國性非營利組織。一些組織，比如全球慈善運動“週二捐贈”（Giving Tuesday）的組織者，甚至報告稱，以實物或志願服務時間的形式，非貨幣性捐贈的數量在穩步增長。

As more and more people turn to forms of online giving as a way to address growing anxiety， support global movements working for change， and embrace the power of mutual aid， donors are on the hunt for more impactful ways to share their money and solidarity with the causes that matter the most to them。

隨著越來越多的人將網路捐贈作為一種方式來解決日益增長的焦慮，支援致力於變革的全球運動，並接受互助的力量，捐贈者正在尋找更有影響力的方式來分享他們的資金，並與對他們最重要的事業團結一致。

Charity Navigator is a 501（c）（3） nonprofit that provides free access to data， tools， and resources （including a 4-star scale rating） to help donors make informed decisions about philanthropic giving。

慈善指南機構是501（c）（3）非營利組織，提供免費的資料、工具和資源（包括4星評級），以幫助捐贈者對慈善捐贈做出明智的決定。

Michael Thatcher， president and CEO of Charity Navigator， told Mashable that the organization was founded “to make the best possible information available to as many people as possible。 The idea being， whether you have $5 or $5 million， you’re still going to find good information on Charity Navigator that can help you make a difference in the world。”

慈善指南機構的總裁兼執行長邁克爾·撒切爾告訴Mashable，該組織的成立“是為了向儘可能多的人提供最好的資訊”。我的想法是，無論你有5美元還是500萬美元，你仍然會在慈善指南機構上找到有用的資訊，幫助你改變世界。”

In November， the two-decade-old nonprofit announced its brand new website， complete with revamped rating systems and unique tools to help “democratize the act of giving，” as Thatcher explained。

11月，這個擁有20年曆史的非營利組織釋出了全新的網站，包括改進的評級系統和獨特的工具，以幫助“捐贈行為民主化”，撒切爾解釋道。

The site now features an expanded ratings system that includes factors like Diversity， Equity， and Inclusion （DEI） commitments， impact ratings， and community feedback， as well as new ways to donate directly on the site， with other people in value-focused giving circles， and to multiple organizations at once。 The site also provides numerous resources for the individual donor who might want to know more about philanthropy and other ways to give back。

該網站現在有一個擴充套件的評級系統，包括多樣性、公平和包容（DEI）承諾、影響評級和社群反饋等因素，以及在網站上直接捐款的新方式，與關注價值的捐贈圈的其他人一起，同時向多個組織捐款。該網站還為個人捐贈者提供了大量的資源，他們可能想了解更多關於慈善事業和其他回饋方式的資訊。

In many ways， Charity Navigator‘s new website changes and accompanying tools reflect the culmination of shifts in both activist and philanthropic spaces， trending toward localized， community-voiced giving。

在很多方面，“慈善指南”網站的新變化和配套工具反映了活動人士和慈善領域的轉變，趨向於本地化、社群化的捐贈。

“It’s not downsizing， it‘s small-sizing。 Going from the mega charities to the small community organizations。 This is a movement away from big philanthropy and from the big charities， to a certain extent，” Thatcher explained。 “In the last two and a half years， ［Charity Navigator］ started rating significantly smaller charities， and we’ve also grown how many we rate。 We went from rating 9，000 —sort of the big popular ones — to now rating about 200，000。 There are over 50，000 charities in our database that are under $200，000 in annual revenue。”

“這不是裁員，而是小規模裁員。從大型慈善機構到小型社群組織。在某種程度上，這是一種遠離大型慈善事業和大型慈善機構的運動。”“在過去兩年半里，（慈善指南）開始對規模較小的慈善機構進行評級，我們的評級數量也有所增加。我們的評分從9000——算是最受歡迎的那種——到現在的20萬。在我們的資料庫中，年收入在20萬美元以下的慈善機構超過5萬家。”

Alongside a national reexamination of institutional racism and individual bias in all its forms， many advocates have driven a critical reevaluation of the practice of giving， as well。 Much of our nation‘s understanding of charity involves large-scale donors and a philanthropic industry historically intertwined with exploitive capitalism and， fundamentally， white supremacy。 Part of that unlearning process is a growing movement for the decolonization of philanthropy， which involves a conscious awareness of how your money， and the way you distribute it， impacts marginalized communities。

在對各種形式的制度性種族主義和個人偏見進行全國性重新審視的同時，許多倡導者也推動了對捐贈實踐的批判性重新評估。我們國家對慈善的理解很大程度上涉及到大規模的捐贈者，以及一個在歷史上與剝削資本主義和從根本上與白人至上交織在一起的慈善行業。在這個忘卻的過程中，一部分是慈善事業非殖民化運動的發展，這涉及到清醒地意識到你的錢以及你分配錢的方式是如何影響邊緣社群的。

Thatcher’s noticed these shifts， too。 “You could say there‘s a democratization of philanthropy， where individual donors are being empowered with better tools to do better。 But they’re also raising a spotlight，” Thatcher said。 “There‘s a huge equity movement right now， in terms of making it easier to find that small charity and help them gain access to donors anywhere in the country or the world。 What we’re trying to do with the website is increase the ease of finding exactly that sort of unique organization that five years ago would have been completely invisible unless I happen to be in that neighborhood myself。”

撒切爾也注意到了這些變化。“你可以說慈善事業民主化了，個人捐贈者被賦予了更好的工具，可以做得更好。但他們也引起了人們的關注。”“現在有一場巨大的公平運動，讓小型慈善機構更容易找到，並幫助他們獲得來自全國或世界各地的捐助者。我們試圖透過這個網站做的是，讓人們更容易找到那種獨特的組織，而在五年前，這種組織是完全看不見的，除非我自己恰好就在那個社群裡。”

Popular doesn‘t mean best。 It just means popular。

受歡迎並不意味著最好。它的意思就是受歡迎。

Whether decolonization is your goal （and it’s truly a worthy one）， or you just have the desire to make sure your donations reach the people who need it most， in the areas that matter to you， sites like the new Charity Navigator can aid in that process。 Think of using them as an initial step in your journey of giving。

是否去殖民化是你的目標（這確實是一個有價值的目標），還是你只是想確保你的捐贈到達最需要這些捐贈的人的手中，在對你重要的領域，像新的慈善指南這樣的網站可以在這一過程中提供幫助。把它們當作你給予之旅的第一步。

How sites like Charity Navigator work

像“慈善導航”這樣的網站是如何運作的

Originally designed to help high-income private donors in the vein of investing advisor Morningstar， Charity Navigator slowly shifted to a focus on the average individual donor。 It works using data provided from a variety of sources to offer in-depth analysis of nonprofits。 “We‘re not Yelp； we are actually doing an evaluation，” Thatcher said。

慈善指南最初旨在幫助像晨星投資顧問公司（Morningstar）那樣的高收入私人捐贈者，但後來逐漸轉向關注普通個人捐贈者。它使用來自各種來源的資料，對非營利組織進行深入分析。“我們不是在尖叫，我們實際上是在做評估”，撒切爾說。

Publicly available information in the form of federal tax documents help guide the organization’s financial review。 Charity Navigator also reviews information submitted directly from the nonprofits themselves， as well as community or constituent feedback。 If enough information is available， the site then posts a star rating and a detailed breakdown of why。 All of this methodology is clearly outlined on the site。 Transparency is key， as they （and Thatcher） say。

聯邦稅務檔案形式的公開資訊有助於指導組織的財務審查。“慈善指南”還會審查非營利組織本身直接提交的資訊，以及社群或組織的反饋。如果有足夠的資訊，該網站就會發佈一個星級評級和詳細的原因。所有這些方法在網站上都有清晰的概述。正如他們（以及撒切爾）所說，透明度是關鍵。

A system of evaluating charities and nonprofits

一種評估慈善機構和非營利性組織的系統

Charity Navigator‘s ratings are based on four differently weighted “beacons”： accountability and finance， which looks at an organization’s spending and financial documentations； leadership and adaptability， which assesses an organization‘s leadership model， structure， and strategic plan； culture and community， which reflects an organization’s responsiveness to the needs of its constituents； and impact and results。

“慈善指南”的評級基於四個不同權重的“燈塔”：問責和財務，它關注一個組織的支出和財務檔案；領導力和適應性，評估一個組織的領導模式、結構和戰略計劃；文化和社群，反映組織對其成員需求的響應能力；影響和結果。

Impact ratings， specifically， are determined with systems designed by the nonprofit Impact Matters， which was acquired by Charity Navigator in 2020。 This system is based on a cost effectiveness or cost per outcome analysis， Thatcher explained， which looks at a nonprofit‘s specific programs or service areas。 Pure data， of course， is not without its bias， and that’s why the four-pronged approach is so important to Charity Navigator‘s goal。 “That’s where the new rating system focuses， really trying to give you this more holistic picture of who this charity is。 What are they doing？ How are they doing it？ And when possible， what is the impact that they‘ve achieved in the world？” Thatcher said。

具體來說，影響評級是由非營利機構Impact Matters設計的系統確定的，該機構於2020年被慈善導航公司收購。撒切爾解釋說，該系統是基於成本效益或每結果成本分析，它著眼於非營利組織的具體專案或服務領域。當然，純粹的資料並非沒有偏見，這就是為什麼“四管齊下”的方法對慈善指南的目標如此重要。“這就是新的評級系統的重點，真正試圖讓你更全面地瞭解這個慈善機構是誰。他們在做什麼？他們是怎麼做到的？如果可能的話，他們對世界產生了什麼影響？”撒切爾說。

The organization has given out more than 1，500 nonprofit ratings， but the site boasts more than a million more nonprofit and charity listings that still hold helpful information。

該組織已經給出了超過1500個非營利組織的評級，但該網站自誇還有超過100萬個非營利組織和慈善機構的列表，其中仍然包含有用的資訊。

The evaluation system is also a lesson to prospective donors， advocates， and activists on a wide scale： Numbers are important， but there’s a lot more to charity and activism than simple stats can provide。

這個評估系統也給潛在的捐贈者、倡導者和積極分子上了一課：數字很重要，但對於慈善和積極分子來說，簡單的統計資料無法提供更多資訊。

“This is tricky，” Thatcher said， “but popular doesn‘t mean best。 It just means popular。”

“這很棘手，”撒切爾說，“但受歡迎並不意味著最好。它只意味著受歡迎。”

Making informed giving accessible to more people

讓更多人獲得知情的捐贈

Part of Charity Navigator’s suite of new resources are additional guides and explanations of common philanthropic questions， concerns， and processes， which seek to empower individual donors when exploring charity both on the site and off。 Under Donor Basics， individuals can find things like how to build a personal giving strategy， how to protect your data while donating， and even local volunteer opportunities。

“慈善指南”的新資源包括對常見慈善問題、關注事項和流程的額外指南和解釋，旨在增強個人捐贈者在網站內外探索慈善時的能力。在“Donor Basics”網站上，個人可以找到諸如如何建立個人捐贈策略、如何在捐贈時保護自己的資料等資訊，甚至還可以找到當地的志願者機會。

It‘s also filled with information on how to evaluate your donation to a nonprofit when there’s not much information out there， or if you‘re wary of scams。 If there’s one piece of advice Thatcher can give donors in that regard， he says， it‘s to always double-check an organizations’ Employer Identification Number （EIN） — a federal code that can be used to look up any tax-exempt organization。

它還包含了在資訊不多的情況下如何評估你對非營利組織的捐贈，或者如果你對騙局心存警惕的話。他說，如果說撒切爾在這方面可以給捐款者一個建議的話，那就是總是要反覆檢查一個組織的僱主識別號（EIN）——這是一個聯邦程式碼，可以用來查詢任何免稅組織。

“When you‘re talking about barriers to action， I think one of them is that there’s often concern about scams and wrongdoing and misuse，” Thatcher explained。 “But when you look at the data… it‘s a tiny， tiny portion of the nonprofit sector。 You have varying degrees of efficiency and effectiveness in the sector， but in general， all our data is showing the fact that nonprofits are doing their best。 What’s often the case is that the scams are being conducted by people other than nonprofits。 They‘re just crooks， lookalikes。 And that’s where the EIN number comes in。”

撒切爾解釋說：“當你談到行動的障礙時，我認為其中之一是人們經常擔心欺詐、不當行為和濫用。“但當你看資料時，這只是非營利機構中很小很小的一部分。你在這個領域有不同程度的效率和效果，但總的來說，我們所有的資料都顯示非營利組織正在盡最大努力。通常情況下，這些騙局是由非營利性組織的人實施的。他們只是騙子，長得很像。這就是EIN數字的作用。”

Find charities that align with your values

找到與你的價值觀一致的慈善機構

As the industry moves toward even greater transparency， Thatcher explained that there‘s a simultaneous change in how people find places and people to give to。 “Giving is now becoming very values-based。 As I like to think about it， causes grab you by the heart and say， ’Go do something about this。‘ Then you go out and find a charity that’s actually addressing it。”

撒切爾解釋說，隨著這個行業走向更大的透明度，人們在尋找地方和捐贈物件方面也發生了同步的變化。“給予現在變得非常基於價值。就像我想的那樣，這目標抓住你的心，對你說，‘去做點什麼吧。’然後你去找一家真正在解決這個問題的慈善機構。”

Value-driven investing has already been on a decade-long rise in the form of environmentally and socially-responsible Environmental， Social， and Governance （ESG） funds， which let individuals invest their money in funds that actively uphold their own values， like anti-gun manufacturing。 And， obviously， charitable giving has always been driven by the personal beliefs of donors themselves， for better or for worse。 But there is a new emphasis on aligning your money with organizations that share both your values and the means for achieving those — and doing so outside of the most “mainstream” nonprofit organizations。

價值驅動型投資已以對環境和社會負責的環境、社會和治理（ESG）基金的形式興起，這種基金允許個人將資金投資於積極維護自己價值觀的基金，比如反槍支製造。而且，很明顯，慈善捐贈一直是由捐贈者自身的個人信仰所驅動的，不管是好是壞。但是現在有一種新的論調，就是把你的錢投向那些與你的價值觀和實現這些價值觀的方法都相同的組織——並且在最“主流”的非營利組織之外這麼做。

Think before you give， but don‘t stop。 You actually have to make the move， make the gift， go and volunteer — do something， because we really need people to keep giving。

三思而後行，但不要停止。你實際上必須採取行動，送出禮物，去做志願者，做點什麼，因為我們真的需要人們不斷地給予。

The Charity Navigator site now provides topic-based lists， such as LGBTQ support， gun violence prevention， and voting rights， as well as trending topic or crisis-focused lists， similar to the directories and hubs created by the crowdfunding site GoFundMe。

Charity Navigator網站現在提供基於主題的列表，如LGBTQ支援、槍支暴力預防和投票權，以及流行話題或危機關注的列表，類似於眾籌網站GoFundMe建立的目錄和中心。

If you’d rather start with what‘s popular and then narrow down by values， other lists include the Most Followed， Most Viewed， and Household Name Charities。

如果你更願意從流行的開始，然後根據價值縮小範圍，其他列表包括最受關注的，最受關注的，和家喻戶曉的慈善。

“Think of this as our first attempt at an issues fund，” Thatcher said。 “And the way we’ve set up the lists is you can give to an individual organization within that list， or you can give to the entire list。”

撒切爾說：“這是我們首次嘗試發行基金。”“我們建立這個名單的方式是，你可以給名單中的某個組織，也可以給整個名單。”

Give to multiple organizations at once

同時捐贈給多個組織

Recently， nationwide social justice movements have re-popularized this mode of multifaceted giving， usually in the form of single donation portals that split funds among several organizations working for the same cause。 Supporters have probably seen donation opportunities like this on progressive fundraising sites like ActBlue。 Charity Navigator lets you do a similar method of donation through its Giving Basket， a digital cart that lets you add several donations in varying amounts to different organizations， all in a single transaction。 It‘s like online shopping， but with charitable donations。

最近，全國性的社會正義運動重新普及了這種多方面的捐贈模式，通常是以單一捐贈門戶的形式，將資金分配給幾個為同一目標工作的組織。支持者們可能已經在ActBlue等進步募捐網站上看到了這樣的捐款機會。“慈善指南”讓你透過它的“捐贈籃”（Giving Basket）進行類似的捐贈，這是一個數字購物車，可以讓你向不同的組織新增不同數額的捐贈，所有這些都是在一次交易中完成的。這就像網上購物，只不過是慈善捐款。

The site also keeps a record of your donations and lets you set up recurring payments through the Charity Navigator platform。

該網站還保留了你的捐款記錄，並允許你透過慈善導航平臺設定定期付款。

“When you look at a complex issue， like the environment， there’s a bunch of different angles to work from，” Thatcher said。 “It is a collective effort to address some of these issues， and that‘s where personal preference comes in。”

撒切爾說：“當你考慮一個複雜的問題時，比如環境問題，有很多不同的角度可以考慮。”“這是解決其中一些問題的集體努力，這就是個人偏好的作用。”

Join a community-driven giving effort

加入一個社群驅動的捐贈活動

Being an individual donor doesn’t have to mean giving back in isolation。 In fact， group-driven donating might be a more worthwhile option for some donors， in the form of Giving Circles。 Giving Circles connect individual donors together to make single， communal monthly donations to a specific cause or group of nonprofits selected by the circle members。

作為一個個人捐贈者並不一定意味著孤立地回饋。事實上，對一些捐贈者來說，團體驅動的捐贈可能是一個更有價值的選擇，以捐贈圈的形式。“捐贈圈”將個人捐贈者聯絡在一起，每月向一個特定的目標或由“捐贈圈”成員選擇的非營利組織進行單一的、集體的捐贈。

In order to support this form of giving， Charity Navigator has partnered with Grapevine， a platform designed to facilitate community organized donations， and Philanthropy Together， a global philanthropy initiative attempting to advance the industry move toward giving circles。

為了支援這種形式的捐贈，Charity Navigator與Grapevine和Philanthropy Together合作，前者是一個旨在促進社群組織捐贈的平臺，後者是一個試圖推動行業向捐贈圈移動的全球慈善倡議。

The Giving Circles hub of the Charity Navigator site allows people to search for collective giving opportunities， using filters like location， area of interest， and giving amount。 It can also introduce donors to topics they might never have heard of， like the Decolonizing Wealth and Liberated Capital movement， or nonprofits that weren‘t yet on their radar， like those in the Latino Community Fund’s network。

“慈善指南”網站的“捐贈圈”中心允許人們搜尋集體捐贈的機會，使用諸如地點、感興趣的區域和捐贈金額等過濾器。它還可以向捐贈者介紹他們可能從未聽說過的話題，比如非殖民化財富和解放資本運動，或者還沒有在他們的關注範圍內的非營利組織，比如拉丁裔社群基金網路中的那些。

Charity Navigator‘s updates are just one part of a growing movement to revolutionize the way people conceptualize philanthropy and how individuals participate in communal care。 But at their core， these practices exist beyond any technical or digital tools。 They’re built into our social and emotional history。

“慈善指南”的更新只是一場不斷壯大的運動的一部分，這場運動旨在徹底改變人們對慈善事業的概念，以及個人如何參與公共護理。但在其核心，這些實踐超越了任何技術或數字工具。它們已經融入了我們的社會和情感歷史。

“Listen to your heart， use your head， and then go out and make a difference，” Thatcher said。 “Think before you give， but don‘t stop。 You actually have to make the move， make the gift， go and volunteer — do something， because we really need people to keep giving。 That’s one of the beautiful things about being human： We care for each other。”

撒切爾說：“聽從自己的內心，用你的頭腦，然後走出去，做出改變。”“三思而後行，但不要停止。你實際上必須採取行動，送出禮物，去做志願者，做點什麼，因為我們真的需要人們不斷地給予。這是作為人類的美好之處之一：我們互相關心。”